How is capillary refill defined?

Capillary refill is a physiological phenomenon that refers to the time it takes for skin color to return to normal after it has been blanched or pressed. This is an important assessment tool used by veterinarians and animal caregivers to evaluate the circulation and perfusion of blood in a dog. When pressure is applied to a mucous membrane or fingernail, blood is temporarily displaced from the capillaries, causing the area to turn pale. The rate at which the color returns indicates how well the blood is circulating and can provide insight into the animal's overall health and hydration status.

A rapid capillary refill time (generally two seconds or less) suggests good perfusion and healthy cardiovascular function, while a prolonged refill time can indicate issues such as shock, dehydration, or poor blood flow. Understanding this metric is crucial for anyone involved in canine health, as it can help in making quick assessments about an animal's condition during examinations or emergencies.