Which amendment protects against unreasonable search and seizure?

The 4th Amendment of the United States Constitution specifically protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by the government. This amendment establishes the principle that people have a right to privacy in their persons, homes, papers, and effects, and it requires law enforcement to have probable cause and a warrant for most searches and seizures to be considered lawful. This protection is integral to safeguarding citizens' rights and maintaining personal privacy against arbitrary governmental intrusion.

The other amendments listed address different rights and issues. The 2nd Amendment pertains to the right to bear arms, the 6th Amendment ensures the right to a fair trial, and the 9th Amendment emphasizes that the enumeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not deny or disparage other rights retained by the people. Each amendment serves its distinct purpose, with the 4th Amendment being the one that specifically addresses unreasonable search and seizure.